Because GRNs are hierarchical in structure, ‘features can be added downstream’ but ‘alteration near the top is often catastrophic, and is thus eliminated by internal selection’ (Davidson and Erwin 2010: 185). In the first part of this article, we discuss the need for conceptual, theoretical, and methodological changes in studies focusing on the idea of chronic anthropogenic disturbances. Gotelli, N. J. A useful candidate example, that has been in the literature for some time, illustrates this point. This is partly because pinning down entire feedback loops typically requires the close interdisciplinary cooperation of evolutionary biologists, geneticists, ecologists, and some social scientists, for example, archaeologists and anthropologists, who are often not used to working with each other, and who initially may have little knowledge of each other’s theories or data (Kendal et al. Rendell et al.’s (2011) model of runaway cultural niche construction, capable of overwhelming strong counter-pressures from natural selection (in a way similar to runaway sexual selection), offers a case in point. How does human cultural niche construction work in this triple inheritance model? Then it may be possible to demarcate legitimately between cases where we can afford to ignore human genetic evolution in practice, and can concentrate exclusively on human cultural evolution, and other cases where we cannot. Barton, N. H. , D. E. G. Briggs , J. If NCT is substituted for SET, it must be able to capture some of the ways in which the niche-constructing activities of organisms influence the basic demographic processes of birth, death, immigration, and emigration, and the life history processes responsible for establishing populations, better than SET. Prof Kevin Laland examines the Evolutionary Origins of the Human Niche Kevin Laland is Professor of Behavioural and Evolutionary Biology at the University of St Andrews in the UK.Professor Kevin Laland is one of the founding-fathers of the concept of "the Human Niche", developing the idea of Niche Construction with John… (2011). Table 5.1 Genes identified as having been subject to recent rapid selection with inferred culturally modified selection pressures, Known or inferred cultural selection pressure, Cytochrome P450 genes, esp. In the case of the Mesoamerican and Andean populations, niche construction refers to agriculture, particularly maize agriculture, versus hunter-gathering and foraging populations elsewhere in South America. 1996, 2003). ‘Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Niche Construction for its Agent’, Ecology Letters 11: 1072–1081. Nevertheless, all the genes in Table 5.1 are strong candidates for having been selected by natural selection pressures that were recently modified, or are currently still being modified, by human cultural niche construction within, and sometimes well within, the last 10,000 years. ‘Increasing Returns, Ecological Feedback and the Early Triassic Recovery’, Palaeoworld 16: 9–15. Solow, R. M. (1956). Then fishing disappeared. One widely known example of a phenomenon that clearly depends on more than the transmission of genes is lactose tolerance among pastoralists. ‘Evolutionary Responses to a Constructed Niche: Ancient Mesoamericans as a Model of Gene–Culture Coevolution’, PLoS One 7/6: e38862. By doing that, we humans too must actively participate in our own evolution. 2016; Odling-Smee et al. Dawkins, R. (1976). An individual user may print out a PDF of a single chapter of a monograph in OSO for personal use. In the second part, we introduce the Niche Construction Theory (NCT) as an integrative scenario accommodating these theoretical and conceptual changes in studies that investigate human actions in the environment. Hünemeier et al. With the exception of the anthropologist William Durham’s exclusively verbal model, their mathematical models defined cultural processes very simply. These influences are achieved through feedback paths that travel from prior cultural niche construction, to human environments, and back again to subsequent human gene–culture coevolution. That is not true for Route 2 or for Route 2a type phenomena. Hünemeier, T. C. , E. G. Amorim , S. Azevedo , V. Contini , V. Acuna-Alonzo , F. Rothhammer , J. M. Dugoujon , S. Mazieres , R. Barrantes , M. T. Villarreal-Molina , V. R. Palaxao-Cortes , F. M. Salzan , S. Canizales-Quinteros , A. Ruz-Linares , and M. C. Bortolini (2012).
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